L’impact de la morphologie des espaces publics sur le microclimat, pour un meilleur confort. Cas de la ville d’Annaba

BOUSSAIDI, Karima (2023) L’impact de la morphologie des espaces publics sur le microclimat, pour un meilleur confort. Cas de la ville d’Annaba. Doctoral thesis, Faculté des Sciences et de la technologie.

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Abstract

Urban heat island exacerbates the risk of thermal stress in urban areas compared to rural areas. Urban morphology is one of the factors that alters the thermal environment of the city and influences the thermal comfort of its residents. Improving outdoor thermal comfort in urban public spaces enhances quality of life and promotes active social life. This thesis investigates the impact of public space morphology on microclimate and outdoor thermal comfort. The study focuses on five public squares located in the city of Annaba, Algeria, to understand how urban morphology influences outdoor thermal comfort. The methodology adopted in this research is based on a quantitative approach consisting of two methods: field measurements and numerical simulation. Field measurement campaigns were conducted to record climatic parameters during the overheating period. Additionally, numerical simulation using Envi-met V5.0.2 software was performed. The objective is to compare the studied spaces and model comfort improvement scenarios to assess the impact of morphological parameters on microclimate and outdoor thermal comfort. Field measurements reveal significant differences in climatic parameters among the studied public spaces, which vary according to weather conditions. Numerical simulation using the Envi-met model is employed to evaluate microclimate parameters and thermal comfort indices, and the results are compared to field measurements. The simulation also allows for the investigation of possibilities to improve microclimate and thermal comfort by modifying certain morphological parameters such as orientation, vegetation, building height, and density.

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