L'utilisation de l'énergie solaire dans les stratégies de conception passive pour améliorer le confort thermique et réduire la consommation énergétique dans les habitations Cas d’étude : une habitation individuelle à Ouargla.

Khechiba, Abir (2024) L'utilisation de l'énergie solaire dans les stratégies de conception passive pour améliorer le confort thermique et réduire la consommation énergétique dans les habitations Cas d’étude : une habitation individuelle à Ouargla. Doctoral thesis, Faculté des Sciences et de la technologie.

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Abstract

Modern reinforced concrete building materials are considered the most popular in the production of housing in Algeria, particularly in desert states such as the city of Ouargla. This region is characterized by a hot and arid climate. These houses need to be more adaptable to this difficult climate, in spite of the presence of Ouargla Ksar, which contains traditional dwellings which have proven their effectiveness in terms of the heat problem in several studies which have been completed previously, but these housing has declined in demand because it is not suitable for contemporary urban life. Therefore, the aim of this study is to improve the performance of the most recognized house typologies in the city of Ouargla in terms of thermal comfort and energy consumption using passive strategies. In this regard, a research methodology based on deposited measurements and model simulations with TRNSYS 17 was adopted to identify the most common problems encountered. The simulated model was validated by static correlation, then a full year simulation was performed, during which many aspects of the construction are studied and compared, such as the insulation and the mass of the roof and walls , window sizes and types, orientation and solar shading. The results show that the modern house studied can be considered as not suitable for a desert climate and the use of solar shading combined with insulated walls and the roof allows to increase the annual thermal comfort by 35% (-0.5 ≤ PMV ≤0.5) and reduce energy consumption by 22.73%. All the simulated scenarios were then compared to a traditional house characterized by a bioclimatic architectural design used as a reference building. The results obtained can be useful to guide both renovation interventions on existing buildings and the design of new buildings. Although simulated interventions are widely studied in the literature, it is very important to know their impact on the perception of the indoor environment and energy consumption in that particular geographical area.

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