IMPACTS CLIMATIQUE ET PSYCHOSOCIAL DE LA DENSITE URBAINE SUR LES USAGES DANS LES QUARTIERS RESIDENTIELS DES MILIEUX ARIDES A CLIMAT CHAUD ET SEC CAS DE LA VILLE BISKRA

HAMEL, KHALISSA (2023) IMPACTS CLIMATIQUE ET PSYCHOSOCIAL DE LA DENSITE URBAINE SUR LES USAGES DANS LES QUARTIERS RESIDENTIELS DES MILIEUX ARIDES A CLIMAT CHAUD ET SEC CAS DE LA VILLE BISKRA. Doctoral thesis, Faculté des Sciences et de la technologie.

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Abstract

This dissertation delved into a comprehensive exploration of the concept of urban density, an undeniably important contemporary issue at the heart of urban, ecological, economic, and sociological considerations. Our analysis focused on five distinct districts of the city of Biskra, with the aim of dissecting the inherent ambivalent character of urban density. On the positive side, urban density presents a tremendous opportunity to enhance energy efficiency, reduce the ecological footprint, and encourage a more judicious use of land. Indeed, by promoting an efficient public transport network, it helps limit urban sprawl and conserve biodiversity. However, urban density can also amplify certain environmental and social problems. It can notably exacerbate the effects of urban heat islands, increase stress levels related to overpopulation, noise, and pollution, and can sometimes disrupt social interactions by fostering a sense of anonymity and isolation. In order to examine these complex issues, our research adopted a mixed-methodology approach, incorporating a psychosocial survey and a microclimate simulation. The objective of the psychosocial survey was to understand the impact of urban density on residents' perceptions and well-being, while exploring their attitudes and behaviours towards density. Concurrently, the microclimate simulation aimed to evaluate the environmental implications of urban density, particularly concerning the alteration of local microclimate and thermal comfort conditions. Overall, our findings underscored the importance of a balanced and thoughtful approach to urban density. While it certainly offers opportunities for more sustainable and efficient land use, it is crucial to consider its effects on the psychosocial well-being of residents and on the environment. These results highlight the need for innovative and sensitive solutions to manage urban density, ensuring both environmental sustainability and residents' quality of life. In summary, this research contributes to our understanding of urban density and its multiple implications. It emphasizes the importance of careful consideration of this complex issue in contemporary urban planning and underlines the urgency to deepen our knowledge in this area through future research

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