Etude et simulation des propriétés électriques et optiques des cellules solaires à base de Kësterites

MANSOURI, Siham (2025) Etude et simulation des propriétés électriques et optiques des cellules solaires à base de Kësterites. Doctoral thesis, Faculté des sciences et technologie.

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Abstract

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is a quaternary semiconductor in thin film form with a direct band gap ranging from 1.4 to 1.6 eV and a high absorption coefficient of 104 cm-1. This absorber film possesses highly beneficial properties and offers a low production cost. This study investigates the potential enhancement of CZTS-based solar cells using the numerical simulation program SCAPS-1D by utilizing various hole transport layers (HTLs), namely MoOx, CuI, and SnS. Key cell parameters such as CZTS absorber layer thickness, defect density, and acceptor concentration are optimized to increase photon energy absorption and reduce recombination rates. Our findings highlight the exceptional performance of MoOx and CuI as HTLs, achieving a power conversion efficiency of 23.73% and a fill factor of 88%, closely approaching the theoretical limits proposed by Shockley-Queisser. This strategy of tuning band alignment and optimizing global parameters holds promise for enhancing the efficiency of CZTS hetero-junction based solar cells, ushering in a more sustainable era of solar energy conversion. Additionally, the study examines the structural and electrical characteristics of a Schottky junction composed of an aluminum (Al) electrode, a p-type copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) thin film, and a molybdenum (Mo) substrate. Structural characterization was conducted using SEM analysis and EDX spectra, while electrical characterization involved analyzing the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. The study validates the obtained CZTS solar cell parameters by simulating the I-V characteristic using extracted parameters and comparing them to experimental data. The comparative analysis of experimental and fitted I-V characteristics demonstrates the effectiveness of the GA and Newton Raphson method in parameter extraction. These findings contribute to a broader understanding of solar cell parameter optimization and offer a robust methodology for future applications in the field.

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